Factors affecting pour over coffee

2022-11-15

1. The thickness of coffee powder
Due to the different production methods, the fineness of the coffee powder required is also different. Whether the coffee powder is fine or not will affect the extraction speed of its aroma factors. The finer the ground coffee, the greater the surface area in contact with the solvent, usually water, and the faster the soluble components of the coffee will dissolve. Espresso requires finer coffee powder to make up for the lack of brewing time (usually no more than 30 seconds); and French Press, because it has up to 4 minutes of steeping, is more suitable for coarser coffee powder, so that Reduces coffee bitterness and bottom-of-cup sediment. Therefore, for a good cup of pour over coffee, the coffee grounds used should be coarser than those used for espresso, and the ground should be as uniform as possible.

2. Water temperature
Most of the ingredients in coffee dissolve better at high temperatures. The ideal water temperature is between 92 and 95°C. Freshly boiled water will burn the coffee grounds, while water that is not hot enough will not fully release the aroma of the coffee. Therefore, for coffee beans with different degrees of roasting, the water temperature used when making coffee is also different. For dark roasted coffee, the water temperature needs to be slightly lower (92°C); for lightly roasted coffee, the water temperature needs to be slightly higher (94-95°C).

3. The ratio of coffee powder to water
Compared with espresso, the concentration of pour over coffee is only one-tenth of it.
The amount of coffee powder required is less and the amount of water is more. Usually, the ratio of coffee powder to water is 55-80 grams of coffee powder/1 liter of water.
If the ratio is 55g ground coffee/1 liter water: weaker coffee
If the ratio is 80g ground coffee / 1 liter water: strong coffee
In the process of continuously increasing or decreasing this ratio, find out your favorite taste in a cup.

4. Extraction time
The length of time the coffee grounds are in contact with the water determines the amount of soluble matter that will be extracted, and what kind of coffee you end up with.
It's about finding a balance: how to maximize the pleasurable factors and minimize the unpleasant ones. If the extraction time is too short, part of the pleasant aroma will be lost. However, if the extraction time is too long, the coffee in the cup will have a negative taste.

5. Freshness of coffee beans
In addition to freshness, it is also a very important part. Freshly roasted coffee is far more full-bodied than coffee beans that have been stored for a long time, so before brewing, you must first pay attention to the roasting date (storage time) of the coffee beans and whether they are stored properly. The coffee beans should be consumed within one month after roasting (it is also recommended to drink the beans after 4 to 7 days after roasting).

6. Stir
Stirring the coffee with a coffee spoon or a stirrer allows the water to fully blend with the coffee powder, and the coffee powder will be more fully extracted. Stirring speeds up the extraction and results in a more even extraction of the coffee.
Stirring can also be a complementary factor in making a great cup of pour over coffee if the stirring action is regular and consistent.

7. How to adjust the taste to your liking
The best way to observe and understand the effects of different factors on coffee is to keep adjusting each factor and compare the results. First make a cup of coffee according to the basic elements, then adjust the grinding degree (use finer or coarser coffee powder), and make a second cup. It is best to make these two cups of coffee at the same time, which is more convenient for comparison. Taste two cups of coffee separately, compare and record which cup tastes better. Save the better tasting cup, keep the grind size the same, and vary the ratio of ground coffee to water. Taste, compare, observe, record. Keep the cup with better taste, make sure the ratio of coffee powder to water remains the same, and adjust the water temperature.

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